The View From Asia - To Be American Is To
Be White
By
Tony Shen, Pacific News Service, March 04, 1998
It sounds like a bad joke: a Chinese man turned down for a job
in a Chinese country by a Chinese because he looked Chinese.
But PNS commentator Tony Shen finds that the idea that an American
is a white person prevails in Taiwan much as it does in Kansas
City -- with unhappy effects in all places. Shen is a freelance
journalist recently returned from an extended stay in Taiwan.
"We don't hire people who look Chinese," was the first
thing she said.
I had prepared myself for the usual job interview queries
like "Tell me about your relevant experience," and
"Why do you want to work for us?"
This, the fastest interview of my life, did not take place
in a small Louisiana town in 1930, but in 1997 in a city of
more than a million in Taiwan.
Not only was I summarily denied employment because of my race,
a Chinese had denied me (a Chinese-American) a job in a Chinese
country because I looked Chinese.
I was applying to teach English at a large language school
in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. In Taiwan -- where kids typically spend
at least six years studying English in regular and after-school
programs -- schools fall over each other to get native English
speaking teachers. The demand is so great that almost anyone
born in an English-speaking area can easily earn $20 to $30
an hour. There were at least ten "English teachers"
staying in my youth hostel -- but none had any teaching experience
and none spoke Chinese. The hostel's common room was dominated
by large bulletin boards with names and numbers of local schools
pleading for teachers, and morning arrivals often lined up
jobs starting that evening.
In short, the job search in Taiwan is truly a snap, unless
you're not white. I had strolled into several English schools
equipped with my Stanford diploma, elementary school teaching
experience, and Chinese language skills only to be told that
the school preferred "western" teachers.
Even some of those who learned that I was born and raised
in America still doubted my "Americaness" and praised
my accent and command of English. One friend -- an Australian-born
Chinese -- was offered a position but at a salary 20 percent
below that of the school's newly hired white teachers, even
though he was bilingual and officially certified to teach
English while the others were not.
When confronted about their discrimination, administrators
retort that a western-looking instructor draw more students.
The Taiwanese want American teachers and to be American is
to be white. In fact, in nine months in China and Taiwan,
almost every time I said I was American the news was received
with a shake of the head, and the reply, "But you look
Chinese." However, the confusion in most of Asia goes
beyond equating American with white. The belief is that the
entire English-speaking world is all white. Thus, a native
English teacher must be white.
A similar racism operates in the United States -- here, when
people ask me where I am from they expect me to say China,
Japan, or another Asian land. When they hear I was born in
Colorado, they often ask where my parents are from and whether
I speak the corresponding Asian language.
Still Taiwan, unlike America, has a climate that accepts people
and companies that bluntly proclaim they hire whites only.
Taiwanese laws and norms openly tolerate racist views -- but
where do these views originate? Perhaps Asians see all Americans
as white for the same reason that in the U.S. the term "American"
is reserved for people who look white. (Thus MSNBC's Olympic
coverage recently trumpeted "American Beats Kwan.")
Others are only half American: Chinese-American, Mexican-American,
and African-American.
When people turn on their TVs to see those representing and
controlling the U.S., they overwhelmingly see white politicians
and business leaders. But until the people in Kaohsiung, Beijing,
and Kansas City recognize that their seemingly innocuous figures
of speech reflect thoughts that draw the lines between us
and them, Americans and outsiders, America can never really
include people whose parents weren't from Europe.
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